Classification of Alcoholic Beverages

• Scotch - made from malted barley and aged in oak barrels. Scotch whisky has a distinct flavor which is due to several factors, namely: the smoked and malted barley and the water used.
• Irish - fine whisky that comes from Ireland. It is made in the same way as Scotch except that it does not have the smoky flavor.
• Canadian - this is a distinctive product of Canada. The charred oak barrel causes lightness in body which keeps causes lightness in body which keeps the flavor of corn and barley.
• Japanese - made in the same way as Scotch whisky.

2. GIN - Gin is grain mash redistilled with such aromatics as juniper berries, coriander seeds and angelica roots. While there are many types of gin, the most popular is London Dry Gin.

3. RUM - This is produced in most tropical countries because it is distilled from sugar cane and molasses. Rum from different countries has its own distinctive flavor. In simple terms, there are three main types of rum:

• Light-bodied dry-flavored rums from Puerto Rico
• Heavy-bodied sweet-flavored rums from Jamaica
• Medium-bodied rums from the Virgin Islands.

4. VODKA - Vodka is a neutral spirit distilled from potatoes which has been filtered through charcoal. To be classified as vodka it should not have any aroma.

5. BRANDY - Brandy is distilled from fermented juice of ripe grapes or various other fruits. But brandy may also be made from other fruits and are designated as apple brandy, peach brandy, etc.

6. TEQUILA - a Mexican spirit distilled from Maguey (plant).

B.LIQUER (sweet spirit) divide into general brands and proprietory brand
Is a strong sweet alcoholic drink, it is made from an infusion of fruit, herbs, nuts or other flavor to brandy or other spirits. Among the popular liqueurs are:

• Aquavit - A clear liqueur flavored with caraway seeds from Scandinavian countries
• Benedictine - A liqueur made by the Benedictine monks out of a secret formula reputed to be a combination of herbs, spice and fine brandy.
• Sherry - Spanish wine from the region of Jerez de la Frontiera. Uniquely aged in barrels through the "Solera method."
• Cointreau - A brandy of triple sec and orange curacao.
• Crème de Cacao - Made from cacao beans, spices and vanilla. It comes in two colors - white and brown.
• Crème de Menthe - A peppermint liqueur made from fresh mint and brandy.
• Curacao triple sec - Made from the peel of bitter oranges and enriched with spices, rum and sugar.
• Drambuie - A liqueur made from old Scotch, honey, herbs and spices.
• Grand Marnier - Made from fine champagne, cognac and orange curacao.
• Kahlua - A Mexican liqueur made from coffee beans, vanilla and brandy.
  

II.BEER
is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains the most common of which is malted barley, although wheat, corn and rice are also used. Most beer is flavored with hops, which add bitterness and act as a natural preservative. The basic ingredients of beer are :

• water
• sugar
  
• barley / malt
• hops -> a flavouring
• yeast -> to produce the fermentation
• claryfing agent -> finings from sturgeon fish

Varieties : Ale , Lager , Stout , Shandy , Porter
Making Process : Brewing -> Mashing -> Fermented

III. WINE
is a naturally fermented juice of fresh ripe grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients. Wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast consumes the sugars found in the grapes and converts them into alcohol.

1. Prohibits Fat Burning

2. Calorie Content

There’s around 180 calories in a pint of beer and 160 calories in a large glass of red wine. These calories have little or no nutritional benefit, known as empty calories. If you’re having a few drinks regularly then the calories start to add up.

3. False Hunger

After a few drinks alcohol will leave you feeling hungry, even if your body isn’t, so you’ll tend to eat more than you usually would.

4. Next Day Blues

Alcohol lowers levels of serotonin, the ‘feel good’ hormone. After drinking you’ll feel depressed the next day and use food as a way to lift your mood. Alcohol also burns sugar in the body so you’ll be craving sugary and fatty foods.

5. Night Drinking

Most of us consume alcohol in the evening or at night. This is when your body has the least need for extra calories, and your metabolism is at its slowest, so you’ll store fat instead of burning calories.

6. Metabolic Clock

Alcohol leaves you feeling tired and could wreak havoc on your metabolism. You may find yourself sleeping at times that your body isn’t used to causing your metabolism to suffer as well as your waistline.

7. Less Muscle, More Fat

Drinking alcohol prohibits the building of muscle. In order to build muscle you need to be well hydrated and alcohol dehydrates the body. It also raises the level of cortisol, a muscle wasting hormone. As muscle burns fat, the less muscle you have, the less fat is burned.

 
 



 

• Eat plenty of protein-rich foods, such as lean red meat, poultry, eggs, fish, such as salmon, low-fat dairy products, liver, pulses, nuts, seeds and soya. In Britain, this is not usually a problem, as protein intakes are more than adequate for most people.

• Some faddy and extreme diets – such as very low calorie, detox, raw food or macrobiotic diets –  can result in a lack of protein if followed in the long term. This can affect hair and nails, which are both made of a fibrous protein called keratin, one of the toughest tissues in the body. So diets deficient in protein can result in fine hair that is prone to breaking or split ends, and nails that are   brittle and vulnerable.

• Poor dietary intakes of iron can also have a major impact on nails, causing them to become brittle, spoon-shaped (curved in the middle), and pale rather than pink in colour. As there is very little overlying tissue, the small blood vessels under the nail are more obvious than elsewhere in the body. As a result, iron in the red blood cells shows up as a pink tinge – or pale, if iron intake is poor.

• Also, a loss of hair or thinning hair is one of the main symptoms of anaemia, a condition that results from a lack of iron. One of the best sources of iron is lean red meat, but oily fish like mackerel, bread, green leafy vegetables, such as spinach, peas, lentils, beans, dried fruit, eggs and fortified breakfast cereals also contain some iron.

• The type of iron in red meat and oily fish (haem iron) is more easily absorbed and used by the body than the iron in plant foods (non-haem iron), such as vegetables and bread. Vitamin C helps the body to absorb iron from plant foods, so eat vitamin C-rich foods such as citrus fruits and juices, berries, green leafy vegetables such as lettuce, kiwi fruit, tomatoes and peppers alongside iron-rich foods when you can.

• It’s a common misconception that white spots on our nails are caused by a calcium deficiency. More often than not, they’re caused by damage to the nail itself and will grow out, but a poor intake of zinc may be the cause. This immune-boosting mineral – found in meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, cheese, nuts and seeds – is essential for healthy nails and hair, and its absence has been linked to dry and brittle hair, hair loss and even dandruff.

• It’s also worth filling your shopping trolley with foods rich in the ‘beauty mineral’ – sulphur. Found in most protein-rich foods, such as eggs, meat, fish, cheese and nuts, sulphur helps regulate the body’s acid-alkali balance and is found in some amino acids (protein-building blocks). This makes it vital for healthy nails and glossy hair.

• Foods rich in biotin (a B vitamin), such as nuts, fish, liver and eggs, are also essential for nail and hair health. As well as keeping nails strong, biotin may also help prevent unnatural loss of hair colour.

• It is thought that a poor intake of copper may also contribute to premature greyness, as it is needed for the production of a pigment called melanin. Levels of this pigment gradually decline as part of the natural ageing process, but eating plenty of copper-rich foods such as liver, shellfish, nuts and seeds may help delay greyness.

• Eating a weekly serving of oily fish such as salmon, trout, mackerel, sardines and fresh tuna may also be a good idea, as the omega-3 fats will improve blood flow. This will help to ensure plenty of nutrients and oxygen reach the nail bed and hair follicles, encouraging healthy growth. Omega-3 fats may also help to ease the itching and flaking linked to dandruff and even put the gloss back into dull, lifeless hair.

• Dehydration affects our hair and nails, just as it does the rest of our body. So to prevent dry hair and cuticles, drink six to eight glasses of water a day and eat more juicy fruit and vegetables – many are at least 90 per cent water, so you can top up fluid and vitamin levels at the same time.

The benefits :

balanced in protein, fat and carbohydrate

• long lasting energy and increased performance
• no excessive load on the digestive system

lasting satisfaction

• maintenance of blood sugar levels
• guarantee of optimum performance
• maintenance of constant body weight

high percentage of wholegrain cereal

• many complex carbohydrates
• high vitamin and mineral content
• high dietary fiber content

functional food = specific additional health benefits

• strengthened bone mass
• strengthened immune system
• low fat for figure conscious nourishment
• naturally good and healthy digestion

added milk and fruit make a complete meal

• balanced nutritional composition
• optimum delivery of nutritional requirements
• tasty, light main meals